Tubular body forming apparatus



June 28,` 1938. Q BUT-ry 2,121,901

l TBULAR ODY FORMING APPARATUS Filed April 4, 195e e sheets-sheet 1 5U l\\ algal@ INVENTOR ATTORNEY-5' June 28, 1938. c. BUTTY TUBULAR BODY FORMING APPARATUS Filed April 4, 1956 s sheets-sheet 2 zia.

INVENTOR l ATTORNEYS A June 2s, 193s. C, BUTTY 2,121,901

TUBULAR BODY FORMING APPARATUS Filed April 4, 1936 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 y I l? d Z? /Q foi l' 109 d, I .79 il I o 11i 7i Zi v Jb d l y a la# y y" f1 76 l i y f 1 fel 417 74 1:: l f/g y 36 l l a V Il u Il 10a' o c da" 112 49 r/af a il l f/' i a y INVENTOR:

CL-ZLJ WMZ? ATTORNEYS.

June 28, 1938. c. BUTTY 2,121,901

7 TUBULAR BODY FORMI'NG APPARATUS Filed April 4, 1956 e sheets-sheet 4 of TT' ,110.,

154 as@ d :155i ai 152 IJ] I E www@ INVENTOR June 2s, 1933. Q BUTTY 2,121,901 t TUBULAR BODY FORMING APPARATUS' Filed April 4, 1936 e sheets-sheet 5 ATTORNEYS YMMWA/M June 28, 1938. c'. BUTTY 2,121,901

I TUBULAR `BODY FORMING APPARATUS 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed April 4, 1936 INVENTOR I BWM? ATTO RN EYS Patented -June 28, 1938 PATENT oFFlcE 2,121,901 t TUBULAR non r FomvnNG APPARATUS Carlos Butty, Buenos Aires,v Argentina Application April 4, 1936, Serial No. 72,822 v- In Argentina January 3, 1936 21 Claims.

The present invention relates to the manufacture of tubular bodies having any desired cross section and' formed by bending sheet material in a single direction and in particular to a novel machine for producing such'bodies in a partially or wholly automatic manner,

The principal -object of this invention is to provide a comparatively simple and cheap apparatus of robust construction, whereby the operation of forming the tubularbody by bending sheet material around a core or former of any convenient cross-section, may readily be performed with rapidity and precision and the bent sheet material may be held in its formed condition while the longitudinalclamping 'members are applied thereto.

l Another object of the invention is to provide a machine constructed on the basis of the above mentioned apparatus, for the automatic massproduction of the aforesaid bodies.

Another object of the invention is to providea device for applying and securing the longitudinal-clamping members, said device being designed as an accessory to the said apparatus or to the machine of which the apparatus forms the prin- Icipal part.

Other objects of the present invention will appear in the course of the detailed specication` of thesame.

My novel tubular-body forming apparatus includes essentially a female die-table between which and -a core a relative reciprocation is caused to occur; said die-table is provided with a pair of slides which are caused to recede from 35l and approach each other in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the relative reciprocation between the table and the core takes place and preferably in a predetermined timed relation with regard to the relative displacement of the table; J f

'Ihe operative surfaces of the table and of the slides together form, when the table and the slides have arrived at the ends of their working strokes, a female die or hollow contour geometri-` cally`simi1ar to the .contour of the core, which at that moment is concentrically located in the female die formed by the three above mentioned parts,` and spaced therefrom by the thickness of the sheet material which is being used toform the tubular body. A v

The term tubular body" means, in; this specification. a hollow body with open ends defined by a wall of sheet material of one vor more layers the cross-section of which .is a closedcontour 55 of any configuration.

In the majority of cases this contour will be geometric, as for example, polygonal, circular or elliptical, and for this reason it will be sufllcient in this specification, to describe the present invention on the basis of such geometric coniigura- '5 tions, it being understood, however, that the invention is not limited to these forms. The tubular bodies made by means of the machine which is the object of the present invention, may be used as such or they may be fitted with a base and/or 10 a cover so as to serve as containers.

The formingapparatus as above brieily described may be used by itself (in which event the clamping member may be applied and secured by hand to the longitudinal edges of the body) 15 or in combinationwith -adequate devices or apparatus, as the basis of a partially or wholly automatic body-forming machine. For example, the forming apparatus may be used in conjunction with a fly-press or the like, with or without automatic or semi-automatic means for placing or presenting the cores in their proper position with respect to the table of the apparatus. The said means may take the form of an endless belt or' chain or of a reciprocating platform provided with projecting cores,l Aor it may be of the rotary capstan type.

` During the body-forming cycle, either the table of the forming apparatus or the core may represent the xed point, i. e., the core may move toward the table or alternately, the table may move toward the core.

Nevertheless, I provide, preferably and according to one aspect of the present invention, a complete forming machine designed on the basis of V' the 'above mentioned forming apparatus.

'I'his machine comprises, in combination, one or more of the aforesaid forming apparatus, a core feeding device, means for applying and/or securing the clamping members, common driving means for these parts, and suitable coordination means actuated from or by common driving vmeans so as to ensurel lcoordinated operation of all the parts. j v

In the drawings: iJ

Fig.` `-1- is a. perspective view'of a preferred-em' bodiment'of an apparatus in accordance'with the invention; y

Fig. 2 is a part-sectional end elevation'of the apparatus of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a part-sectional end elevation of one,- half of a slightly modified apparatus; l

Fig. 4 is a plan view'of the apparatus of F18. 1

- with certain parts cut away;

Figs. 5a to 5e are diagrams illustrating the operation of the forming apparatus;

Fig. 6 is a side view of a complete tubular body forming machine constructed on the basis of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. '7 is an end view of a part of the machine;

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a rotary capstan device which forms a part of the machine of Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a plan view illustrative of a preferred construction of the actuating means for the capstan head;

Fig. 10 is a front view on an enlarged scale of a core support which in certain cases forms a part of the forming apparatus;

Figs. l1 and 12 are respectively a side and a front elevation of a preferred form of core provided with a device for slackening the formed body;

Fig. 13 is a longitudinal section and Fig. 14 a plan view, with certain parts removed, of a modied slide;

Fig. 15 is a front view of a clamping member applying and securing device shown in Fig. 6;

Fig. 16 is a perspective and part sectional view of a clamping member applying and securing device of the type illustrated in Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is a side view of the same device seen from the right in the Fig. 16, and

Fig. 18 is a plan view of the same seen from below in the Fig. 16.

According to Figs. 1, 2 and 4, the forming ap-v vin Fig. 2, it has a substantially T-shape vertical section. The plate has a cavity I5 centrally located in the surface remote from that which carries the leg I3. Considering a cross-section of the cavity I5, the eiective surface of the same which may be an integral portion of the surface of the plate I4 (Fig. 1) or the exposed surface of a lining I5a (Fig. 2)-has a configuration which corresponds to a portion of the contour of the tubular body to be formed, generally approximately a half of the said contour. In the drawings the apparatus, parts and machine have been illustrated, as designed for the manufacture of cylindrical bodies, so that the cross-section of the effective surface of the cavity I5 is a semi-circle. The cavity I5 extends through the entire length of the plate I4, and is intended to receive a core I'I of a somewhat -greater length and having a radius equal to that of the cavity less the thickness of the sheet material of which the body is to be formed.

A pair of complementary slides I8, I8a is mounted one on each side of the cavity I5, and these slides are arranged mutually to approach and recede from oneanother in a transverse direction with respect to the said cavity. Each of the slides, as for example the member I 8, comprises essentially a hollow frame I9 within which a shoe 2U is slidably mounted, said shoe having an operative face 2I which is directed towards the cavity I5 and has -a cross-Sectional configuration geometrically similar to a portion of that part of the contour of the core which does not correspond to the cavity I5. Generally said portion is substantially one-half of the said part of the core contour. In this .way the cavity together with the two shoes 29, 20a, when these latter are in their operative position, form a die or matrix the cross-section of which corresponds to the outer contour of the body to be formed, that is to say, to the contour of theoore I1 when covered with the sheet material. The circumferential extension of the real inner surfaces of the female die composed in the form described is not exactly equal to the outer perimeter of the body, for the reason that, in order to apply the clamping member it is necessary that there be a sufficient space to permit the placing of the said clamping member while the sheet material is still rmly held by the members I8, I8a. For the purposes of the present description the apparatus has been illustrated as intended for the formation of tubular bodies in which the clamping member has such a form that the longitudinal edge portions on each side of the joint must be positioned with their inner faces in contact and must be directed outwardly in a radial, tangential or intermediate direction in order to receive the said clamping member. With this condition in mind the peripheral extension of the said inner surfaces of the compound female die will be in the case illustrated equal to the external perimeter of the body to be formed, less twice the thickness of the sheet material.

As soon as the sheet material is wrapped around the core I'I, and until the clamping mernber be applied to it, the said edge portions of the formed but still unclamped body, are pressed together and held in a proper position for receivingthe clamping member, by the inner edges 22, 22a of the upper walls 23, 23a of the frames I9, I9a, said upper walls being those remote from the plate I4.

Besides the upper wall 23, the frame I9 comprises a base 24 facing the wallV 23 and in contact with the plate I4, and a side wall 25 which connects the wall 23 with the base 24, so that the frame has a cross-section in the shape of a U lying down with the arm which is farthest from the plate I4 longer than the other or base 24, and with its mouth directed toward the cavity I5. The base 24 is provided with means for slidably coupling it to the plate I4, for example, the dovetails 26, which in the embodiment illustrated run in the grooves 21 cut in the surface of the plate I4. Frame I9a' is similarly constructed.

As already indicated, and for the purpose hereinafter explained, the shoes 20, 20a are slidably mounted within the frames I9, I9a. They are normally held in a position in which the upper partl of the shoe'projects slightly from the edge 22 or 22a of the respective frame, by suitable means, as for example the springs 28, interposed between the inner face 29 of the side wall 25 and the side face 30 of the shoe, that is to say, the face remote from the operative surface 2|. For

' the purpose of holding the springs in their places, guide rods 3| may be provided, the ends of which' remote from the shoes are free to slide in openings made in the side wall 25 of the frame I9, while their other ends may be screwed into the shoes (see Fig; 2).

The part of the shoes which is behind the operative surface 2I and which terminates in the side face 39, is of such a thickness as to t in the space between the upper wall 23 and the base 24 of the frame.Y In order toA ensure that the frame and the shoe always take up the same relative positions when the springs 28 are not compressed, and to limit the relative movement of the shoe and frame, adequate limiting means are providedwhich inthe embodimentl illustrated take the Iform of projections 32 formed on the upper vface 33 of the shoe, that is to say, the face which contacts with the inner face of the upper wall 23 of the frame, said inner face having grooves 34 cut therein in'which the said projections are adapted to move. This construction tion bet serves pgncipally to limit theamount of separa- I4 and being provided with dove-tails which slide in the grooves 21above mentioned. The distance between the sideface and the shoulder 35 is such that the shoe, when in its normal position (that isto say when the springs'28 are not under compression), extends slightly within the space between the upper 'wall 23 and the base 24 of the frame, the distance between the free edge of the base 24 and the shoulder 35 being then practically equal to the distance between the edge 22 and the upper edge of the-.operative surface 2|.

Preferably,the slides I8 are also provided with guides 36 mounted on the outer face of the upper wall 23. 'Ihese guides are intended for guiding the sheets 31 of sheet material to their proper position with respect to the cavity I5.

paratus is to be used. As already indicated, the

The forming apparatus IIJl is completed by the actuating means for the table and for the slides I8. In the embodiment illustrated, the'table is designed to approach and recede from a plane in which the core I1 is situated, but there is nothing to prevent this arrangement from being inverted,

4that is to say, the table may be kept rstationary latter type but the invention is not intended to be limited thereby t'o what may be called the reciprocating table apparatus, as it is deemed to include likewise the reciprocating core type since the devising of the requisite changes in the aotuating means lies well within the capacity of one skilled in the art of mechanics. rIt will likewise be readily understood that there are available several types ef-means for actuating not onlythe tables but also the slides, whether or not the movements of the latter be made dependent on or synchronized with those 'of the table.

The nature of the actuating means chosen will depend op the manner in which the forming apapparatus may be used as the lower part of a manually .operated press. In this-case linkwork may be employed for raising and lowering the table and one or more independent sets of levers may be used for actuating the slides I8, I8a. These latter sets may be independent of each other or only of the linkwork for the table. As anlalternative, the linkwork and the' levers may be operatively interconnected, so that the workman may actuate the table and the slides I8 by 'operating a single control lever.

If the forming apparatus is designed to be inner, the same basic system of actuation by linkwork maybe adopted. Neverthelessa greater efliciency and a simpler construction and form of transmissionvare obtained-by adopting a rotary actuation'means which,according to the preferred embodiment illlustrated in the drawings, is a combination of cams and levers.

The said actuating combination comprises a driven shaft 38 which passes through the hollow pillar I2 and the'leg I3 in a direction parallel with the plate I4 and at right angles to the cavity I5. .In order to accommodate the said shaft 38 4the side walls 39, 39a of the hollow pillar I2 are drilled outto form a pair of bearings 40 (see Fig. 2).

The leg I3, which asbest seen in Fig. 4, is formed hollow for lightness has formed in each one of` its side walls 4I, 4Ia an elongatedl slot 42 which permits the passage therethrough of the shaft 38 and the upward and downward move; ment of the table. Adjacent each lateral face or the hollow pillar I2 and on the outside thereof,

the shaft 38 carries a cam member 43, 43a having a cam surface 44 excentric with respect to the shaft '38, and an'edge 45 remote lfrom the pillar I2 also forming a cam track.

The plate I4 which extends laterally beyond the hollow pillar I2, carries a pair of cam rollers 46 partially sunk into the face of the 4plate remote from the one having the cavity I5, and mounted on pins 4'I. Said rollers are designed to remain permanently in contact with, or rather to rest upon the cam surface 44 of the members 43, 43a. For this reason, when the shaft 38 rotates, the cams 43, 43a which rotate with the shaft, first lift the table at a speed which naturally depends on the shape of the surface 44, and then allow it to fall by gravity after the rollers have passed over the portion of the said surface 44 which is furthest from the shaft 38. If desired, a second pair of rollers 46h may be provided (see Fig. 3) mounted onv an extension 58a of a pin 50 which extends` parallel with the shaft 38 and on, the

side diametrically opposite to the roller 46, so

that the second roller 4Gb rests against the surface 44 at a lower point.

The pin 50 is secured to the lower end of the leg I3 and rises and falls therewith, In order to permit this, an elongated slot 42a is provided in theside Wall of the. pillar I2. With'this construction it will be understood that the table will be positively pushed downwardly during itsdescending movement. For the purpose of diminishing the friction and of decreasing the dead load to be raised or supported, it is preferable to provide a counterweight 48 for the table. The said counterweight 48 may be carried by the free end of a counterweight lever 49 which passes through one of the walls of the pillar I2 which are parallel to the shaft 38 and also through the correspondf ing wall of the leg I3. For the sake of clarity, the walls of the pillar and of the leg through which the counterweight lever so passes will hereinafter be referred to as the rear walls and the end of the apparatus which includes onev or and left, as seen looking directly at the front end.

Thus in Fig. 1 the visible sidewall 39 is the right Y side wall and the visible end is the front end.

The front end of thecounterweight lever 49 is pivotally coupled to a pin 50 which passes through l the en d of the leg I3 remote .from plate I4 at a of the lever` 49 during the upward and downward movements of the table.

In this form of the forming apparatus, the sliding members I8, I8a. are also moved by the cam members 43, 43a through a pair of sectors 51, 58,

51a, 58a for each member I8, I8a.. These sectors.

v passing through a supporting bearing 6I pro- .jecting from the side face of the plate I4 and extending to about the level of the point on the cam track 45 nearest to the roller 46, 46a. The free end of the shaft 60 has xedly secured thereto a radial arm 62 which terminates in a claw 63 within which a small roller 6B is rotatably mount- 4ed so as to be permanently in contact with the cam track 45. In order that the roller 64 may be held in contact with the cam track 45, suitable means are provided, as for example, a spiral or coiled spring (not shown) which may be connected between the shaft 68 and a relatively ixed point such as the supporting bearing 6I and may be located within the latter. The other sector 56, 58a of each pair carries rmly mounted thereon at an intermediate point, a supporting pin 65 -rotatably mounted in a step-bearing 66 project- .ing from the side face of the plate I4. For the purpose `of holding the sheet of material 31 against the core I1 while the table is rising, a supporting plate 61 is provided of a length somewhat less than that of the plate I4, the said plate extending perpendicularly with reference to the plane surface of the plate I4 through a longitudinal slot 68 cut in the lowest part of the cavity I5. The free edge of the plate 61 parallel to the plate I6 has the same configuration as that portion of the operative surface of the cavity I5 which has been replaced by the slot 68. The pposite edge of the plate rests freely on a cam 69 formed or mounted on the shaft 38 at a point immediately below the slot 68. The width of the plate 61 measured in the direction of the height -of the pillar I2 is such that, when the core I1 is in its operative position, the free edge of the plate 61 will normally be at a distance from the surface of the core equal to the thickness of the sheet material. The cam 69 is practically circular but has a slight depression formed in it so as to allow the supporting plate 61 to'be lowered a short distance while a new piece of sheet material is being fed into the apparatus. When the new sheet has been properly placed and the core I1 is in its operative position the plate 61 rises to its normal position, so as again to hold the sheet material firmly against the core and thus prevent it from from being displaced while the plate I4 is rising.

For clearness the operation of the forming apparatus, the details of which have just been given, will now be explained before the complete machine is described. Another reason for so doing is the fact that the forming apparatus, even when provided with the system of cams and sectors for actuating it, may be used as a. unit, since it need not necessarily form part of a more elaborate machine. Under these conditions the apparatus requires as an accessory a core-positioning device of one of the types hereinbefore mentioned. The sheet material may be fed by hand or by means of any convenient feeding device or apparatus.

As various types of suitable feeding apparatus are readily available, it is considered unnecessary t0 give a detailed description thereof. The clamping members may likewise be applied and clamped by hand or by means of a suitable device. Nevertheless, and especially in certain cases and for certain types of seams it is preferable to make use of an applying and clamping device for the clamping members, ofthe kind illustrated in Figs. l5 to 18. This device, which has been designed especially as an accessory of the forming apparatus which is the object of the present invention, is described in detail hereinafter.

Withthe above remarks in mind and with spe-v cial reference to Figs. 1 to 5e inclusive, the operation of the forming apparatus illustrated in them will now be described.

It is assumed that shaft 38 is coupled-preferably through a control means which may be a clutch, fast and loose pulleys, an electric control device or the like-to a convenient source of power not illustrated in the said gures. In Figs. 1, 2 and 5a the 4apparatus is shown with its parts in the positions corresponding to the initial point of the forming cycle.

In .these circumstances, the supporting plate 61 is in its upper position and the cam members 43, 43a are in contact with the rollers, 46 at that part of the surface 44 which is nearest to the shaft 38. 'I'he cam track 45 is so arranged with respect to the vcam surface 44 that at the initial point of the forming cycle the roller 64 is in contact with a portion-of an idling stretch of the cam track 65, said stretch being in a plane perpendicular to the shaft 38 and at a minimum distance from the corresponding side wall of pillar I2.

Immediately after the shaft 38 has commenced to rotate, the depression of the cam 69 moves under the `supporting plate 61 which drops by gravity to permit the placing of the piece 31 of sheet material. When this has been done, plate 61 returns to its upper position as already explained.

'I'he parts, including now the sheet 31 are at this moment in the 'position illustrated in Fig. 5a. As the shaft 38 continues to rotate, it carries with it the cam members 43,43a. which smoothly lift plate I4 towards core I1. The sheet 31 which is now resting on the outer edge of the upper walls of the frames I9, I 9a between the guides 36, 36a begins to be bent by the thrust of the slides 20, 28a which is exerted along thev longitudinal edges of the sheet and in the direction in which the table is moving. This condition is illustrated in Fig.

5b. In the meantime the rollers 64 have continued in contact with the idling part of the cam ltrack 45, so that the slides 20, 20a still remain Said operative part lies generally in a plane inclined with respect tov the shaft 36, so that from its origin at either end of the idling part,

'the voperative part of the track slopes away from the corresponding side wall of the pillarl I2. Thus, the operative part acts to push the arms 62 outwardly from the pillar I2 atrst gradually and subsequently for a brief time interval at a more rapid rate., 'I'he outward movement of the arms 62 causes shafts'GIl to rotate in their bear' ings 6I in opposite directions and in 'such wise as to move the toothed edges of the sectors l61, 51a attached to the said shafts 60 away from the plate I4. Since these edges are in engagement with the4 toothed edges of the sectors 58, 58a, the toothed r edges of the latter are also caused to move outwardly, the sectors 58, 58a turning on their pins 65, in the opposite direction to that of the corresponding sectors 51, 51a. Since ends of the sectors remote from their toothed edges are coupled to the frames I9, ISa of the slides I8, I8a, these latter, as the sectors move in the manner above up by core I1.

described, are pushed inwardly of the plate I4, that is, towards the cavity I5, and therefore, toward the operative position which will be taken This condition is illustrated in the Fig. 5c in which are illustrated the slides I8, I8 a shortly after the beginning of their move-r ment toward each other.

As the shaft 38 continues to rotate, the tablel continues to rise until the entire operative surface of the cavity I5 contacts with sheet 31, which is thus pressed against the core I1 from below by said cavity and from the sides by the shoes 20, 20av ofthe slides which, when the table comes to the end of its upward stroke will have reached the limit of the inward movement as shown in Fig. 5d.

The part of the camfjsurface 44 which, when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 5d, is in contact with the roller 46, is concentric with the shaft 38, so that the table is maintained in its position for a short time. n the other hand, the corresponding portion of the cam track 45 has a more pronounced inclination so as to cause a more rapid rotation of the shafts 66. 'Ihe shoes 20, 20a being ilrmly held against the core with the sheet 31 interposed which is now almost completely wrapped around the said core, cannot move any further inwardly with relation to the plate I 4, so that under the increased thrust of the sectors due to the said modification of the cam track 45, the frames I9, I9a are forced to move towards the shoes 2l), 20a against the action of the springs 28, and thus are caused to clamp the longitudinal edges of the sheet 31 between their edges 22, 22a as shown in Fig. 5e. This position represents the end of the forming cycle as far 'as the forming apparatus is concerned. 'I'he portions of the cam surface 44 and of the cam track 45 which at this moment are in contact with the roller 46 and the small roller 64, are so shaped as to maintain for a short while in their respective inner positions the table and the shoes with their frames while an applying and clamping device indicated at 10 in Fig. 5e for the clamping member is being brought into its operative position.

At the moment when the applying device 'III is about to arrive at the level of the outer face of the upper wall of the frames I9, I9athe return cycle of the forming parts of the apparatus I0 begins, the frames I 9, Isa rst moving away from the core to permit the applying device to descend a short distance more for the purpose of applying the clamping member (indicated by the reference number 1I in Fig. 5e) to the longitudinal edges 12 of the tubular body which is being formed.

Once .the strip 1I is in its place, the `applying device may then operate to compress or clamp it and thereafter to release the clamping member and withdraw from the core I1. `The manner in which these movements are effected will be explained hereinafter when describing vthe pre-n ferred form of the applying device. In the meantime, the shoes are somewhat rapidly withdrawn from the core and the table is similarly lowered to its initial position.

'I'hose skilled in the art will easily understand that these return movements of the forming parts are caused by the coniguration of the corresponding parts of the cam surfaces and tracks 44 and 45, which cause the operative parts of the apparatus to move in directions opposite to those hereinbefore described, ,but' in .a very similar manner.

Once the applying device 'IIJ has been retracted, the core may be moved from its operative position and replaced by another. Alternatively, the same core. may be used for a new forming cycle, `it being then necessary first to remove the tubular body which has just been iinished.

In the foregoing, reference has been made to the placing of .a leaf of sheet material on the apparatus at the beginning of the formative cycle. The said leaf or sheet may be either simple or composed of two or more interconnected layers so that a tubular body having one or more layers may be formed. If the forming is carried out c ent thicknesses may be secured together only.

along the longitudinal seam and by means of the same clamping member. This type will be called a body of semi-independent layers, while the type constructed of a compound sheet will be called a multi-ply body..

The f bodies of semi-independent layers are made by utilizing a clamping member of suitable cross-section and employing at least two forming apparatus so that-with one apparatus the inner layer (either simple or composed of several plies) may be formed on a core, and the same core covered with the layer thus formed may be passed to the other apparatus in order to have an outer layer applied to it. When it is desired to construct the tubular body of more than two layers,

the same core may be passed successively to as,

many forming apparatus as there are layers.

A description of a preferred embodiment of a be seen it may be easily adapted for the forma- 'tion of two or even three bodies of .a single layer (simple or compound) at the same time.

'I'he machine illustrated in Figs. 6, 7 and 8 comprises two forming apparatus Ill and I Il' arranged at right angles to each other about a core-carrying capstan I3 rotatably mounted on a hollow cylindrical support i8 in the cylindrical wall of which an elongated opening l5 is formed facing each apparatus I0, i0 and extending inA an axial direction with respect to the support.

` Said openings afford a passage-way for the counter-weightlevers 49, the counter-weights 48 of which, may be located in the interior of the support. The upper end of the latter is provided with a flange 'i6 from which a cylindrical boss ll projects centrally. This boss acts as a journal on which the capstan head 18 may rotate. From said capstan head a certain number of radial bosses 79 project-in the present case eight-and these bosses are axially bored as indicated at 80 to receive the ends of the cores remote from the apparatus I0, l0'. The axial length of the boss 11 is slightly greater than the thickness of the head |8, so that the hub projects beyond the latter so as to serve as an intermediate support for the elongated main arm 8| of the machine, the end 8|a of which remote from the apparatus i0 rests on a support 82, and which is designed to carry the applying and/or clamping devices for the clamping members, indicated generally by the reference numbers 10 and 'l0' in Fig. 6. 'Ihe said end 8|a of the main arm 8| and the support 88 together form a supporting wall for the gearing whereby the motive power is transmitted to the different moving parts of the machine. The set of gears mounted on the said wall on the side thereof opposite to the main arm 8|, comprises a main pinion 88, a driving gear for the device l0', coupled to the pinion by means of4 an idling gear 88, and a reducing and driving gear 8l for the counter shaft 88. The pinion 88, the idling gear 86 and the driving gear 85 have their shafts in alignment on the centre line of the end 8|a of the main arm 8|, but the reducing and driving gear 8l has its shaft displaced laterally with respect to said line and towards the apparatus I0 with respect to the machine in general. In order to permit this, the support 82 is somewhat widened as seen in Fig. 7.

The end of the main driving shaft 89 which is nearest to the machine and which carries the pinion 88 is supported in a bearing 98 forming a part of the support 82. The other end of the main driving shaft may form a part of the shaft of a source of motive power such for example as the electric motor 9| or it may be directly coupled to such a device.

The idling gear 88 is nxedly mounted on a short shaft 92 which rotates in a bearing 93 provided near to the lower edge of the end 8|a of the main arm 8|. In certain cases which will be indicated hereinafter, the driving gear 85 may have a short shaft mounted in a similar form to that of the shaft 92. Nevertheless, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated, the shaft 98 for the driving wheel 85 extends up to the opposite end ofthe main arm, passing through a bearing 95 near the wheel 85, and an intermediate bearing 98 mounted on, or forming part of the main arm 8|, and an end bearing 97 mounted on the main arm 8| near the end remote from the end 8 la. The extremity of the shaft 98 which protrudes from the end bearing 91 is operatively coupled to the clamping member clamping device l0 by means of a suitable actuating member, such for example as an eccentric 98, which is for the purpose of raising and lowering the punch 99 of the device l0'.

The counter shaft 88 of the reducing and driving gear 87 passes through an elongated bearing |00 in the widened part of the support 82, and its end remote from gear 8l isrotatably supported in a bearing |0l provided in a depending portion |02of a shelf |03, which projects from the flange 'I6 of the support 14 and is directed toward the support 82. Between the latter and the bearing |0|, and preferably in proximity to said bearing, the counter shaft 88 carries a transmission gear |04 which is similar to the reducing and driving gear 8l and meshes with a driven gear |05, mounted on the shaft 38 which drives the apparatus |0. In order to support positively the end of the shaft 38 which carries the gear |05, a pair of pedestal bearings |08, |06a may be provided, one on each side of the said gear |05. The opposite end of the shaft 38 which protrudes from the side of the apparatus I0 remote from support 82, carries a conical gear |01 meshing with a similar gear |01' secure on the end of the shaft 38 of the apparatus i0', which is nearest to the last mentioned end of the shaft 38.

The gears 85, 87, |00 and |05 should be so proportioned that shafts 94 and 38 will turn at the same speed for synchronism of cam 20B with forming apparatus I0, and the conical gears |0`| and |01 should be of the same size in order that apparatus I0 and |0 may be synchronized.

In order that the cores of the capstan head 13 may be presented successively to the forming apparatus I0, I0 suitable intermittent actuating means is provided, the movements of which are coordinated with those of the said apparatus. The intermittent driving means may be designed in any convenient form, as for example, on the basis of the maltese cross. `Nevertheless, a preferred construction. is illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9, according to which the intermittent driving means consists of a sliding bar |09 reciproca/ted from the shaft 38 and provided with a pawl |08 pivoted thereon at |22, the free end of which meshes successively with teeth provided on the face of the head 13 adjacent the flange 78, so that for each complete stroke of the said bar |09 the capstan head 13 will be moved through a predetermined angle in a clockwise direction in the Figs. 8 and 9. In order to lock the capstan in position while the body is being formed on one or the other of the cores, locking means is provided which co-operates with the face of the said teeth remote from the face with which the pawl is in contact. '..fhis locking means is preferably in the form of a plane body I I9 mounted on a pivot |20 fixed at a convenient point of the face of the shelf |03 which carries the bar |09. The said plane body has an arm |2| directed to ward the end of the sliding bar |09 remote from shaft 88, when the said bar is at the beginning of its operative stroke (position illustrated in the Fig. 9). The said arm |2| has on its side remote from the head 13, a cam edge |28 which is in contact with a pin ||8 provided at an intermediate point on the bar |09.

The cam edge |23 terminates at its end farthest from the pawl, in an arcuate recess |28 which merges into a straight shoulder |25. From a point on the body |9 almost diametrically opposite to the arm I2|, a tongue |26 projects, which is substantially rectangular in plan and which together with the shoulder |25 and the pin H9 forms the effective locking element as will be seen from the following description of the operation of the device.

The sliding bar |09 which lies transversely with respect to the shaft 38, is reciprocated along a groove I 0 (Fig. 8) cut in the surface of the shelfI |03 parallel to the plane of the capstan head 13, by means of an adjustable rod. one extremity of which is coupled to the end of the bar |09 nearest to the shaft 38 and while the other extremity is coupled to the upper end of an oscillating lever I I2 the other end of which is mounted on a rod ||3 supported between the pedestals |06, |06'.

The lever II2 carries at an intermediate point a rotatably mounted'small roller -||4 which is trated through an angle of 45-so as to bring pressed by a spring H5 against the edge of a cam ||6 on or applied against the face of the driven gear |05 nearest the apparatus I0, so that when the shaft 38 revolves the oscillating lever ||2 is alternately moved toward and away from the shelf/|03, producing -a reciprocating motion of the sliding bar |09 in its groove IIO. Beginning at the point in which the parts are ready to commence their operative stroke (position illustrated in Fig. 9), the free end of the pawl |08 is in contact with a certain tooth I|1a on the face ||1b of the tooth remote from the shaft 38, the pawl being biased toward the head 13 by means of a spring |21 carried by the bar |09,

`which also has a stop |28 for limiting the outa new core opposite apparatus |0 and carry the formed, to an intermediate position between the two apparatus I0 and I0.

When the bar approaches the shaft 38, the pity I|8 moves towards and into-the arcuate recess |24'. At this point of its travel said pin is so positioned with respect to the pivot |20 of the locking member II9, 4as upon further movement of said pin I|8 towards shaft 38, to cause the locking member |I9 to turn (in a clockwise direction in the Figs. 8 and 9) and the tongue |26 to be inserted -into the space between the teeth ||1 at the moment when the said particular tooth ||1a has arrived at such a position that the face |I1c of the said tooth,nearest the shaft 38,

may come into contact with the edge |29 of the tongue |26 remote from the shaft 38. When the locking member I I9 turns on its pivot |20, the recess |24 is moved out of the path of the pin I8 which on arriving at the end of its operative stroke is in contact with the straight shoulder |25 and thus, while the bar |09 is in its position. nearest to the shaft 38,- prevents the locking member II9 from rotating -in the reverse direction to the position illustrated in Fig. 9 so as to which it has just left but 4due to the yielding of the spring |21, the pawl will move toward the bar |09 (to the right in Fig. 9) and, after passing the tooth in question, will return automatically to its outer'position under the thrust of said spring. At the same time the pin I I8 moves away from the shaft 38, until it strikes the cam edge |23 of the arm |2I, which, not being in any way impeded, yields to the push of the -said pin to the said base Ii.

and thus causes the locking member ||9 to turn on its pivot in a counter-clockwise direction, to its original position and to withdraw the tongue |26 from between. the teeth ||1, thereby leaving the head 13 free to revolve when the return (operative) stroke is begun, which occurs immediately in orderthat the cores may be brought into their new -v positions approximately at the same moment as the tables reach the lowest points of their strokes.

As has already been indicated, it is necessary in the case of certain types of joint for the longitudinal edges of the tubular body-as for instance, the folded seams of sheet metal bodies or applied and partly secured clamping members which have to be flattened on the` body-to sub- `ject the said edges or clamping members to a relatively heavy blow delivered by a hammer head or the like such as the head indicated at 89 in the Fig. 6. -It follows, therefore, that under such conditions the cores are subjected to a sudden combinedy bending and shear stress which might cause fracture. To avoid this danger, it is advisable in thecases indicated to provide a support for the free end of the core, which support must be capable of moving out of the way of the cores when the latter are in movement.

A support especially adapted for use as an accessory of the apparatus which is the object of the present invention is illustrated in Figs. 6 and 10, the actuating members for the same being shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 6 while in Figs. 11 and 12 is shown the special form of the free end of the coresin -order that they may co-operate with the said support. According to the Figs. 6 and 10 the support consists o'f an upright |30 freely and rotatably supported normally with respect to the base I I of the apparatus I0 or I0 by means of an axially bored boss |3I formed on or applied The upper part of the boss I3-I is outwardly reduced at |32 to receive the lower annular cam |33 of a pair `of cooperating toothed cams the upper cam |34 of which isfixed- 1y mounted on the upright |30. The teeth I33a of the said cams are so formed that if the upright |30 is prevented from turning, it will be alternately lifted and lowered as the lower cam |33 of the coupling rotates on the reduced part |32. From the ysaid lower cam |33 there extends outwardly ank arm |35 the free end of which is coupled to one end of an actuating rod |36 (see Figs. l, 2, 4 and 6) which passes slldably through a lsupporting guide |31 screwed to one of the side faces-for example the right hand side face-of the pillar I2, and the other end-of which is coupled to one of the arms of a bell-crank lever'I38 pivoted on a pivot |39 which projects laterally from the said face of the pillar I2. The other arm of thentlever |38 is coupled to the free end of an actuating arm |40 flxedly mounted on th free end of the rod 5I which serves as a fulcrum for the counterweight bar" 49 to which it is secured.

The upright |30 (Fig. l0) carries on its free end remote from the boss |3I, a rectangular head |4| which has on its face-remote from the upright a rectangular opening |42 adapted to receive a suitably shaped portion of the free end of the cores. When the upright is placed in` the boss |3|, the said head I4| will lie between a pair of lugs |43 which project at a convenient height from the front face of the plate I4 (Fig. 4) and prevent the rotation of the upright'and force it to rise and fall in response to the osclllationsof the lower cam |33. These oscillations are caused by the `oscillation of the rod 5| which in its turn is due to the up and down movements of the counterweight bar, as will readily be seen. The actuating arm |60 xed on the rod 5| transmits the oscillation of the latter through the bell-crank lever |38 to the actuating rod |36 which therefore causes the arm |35 which projects from the lower cam |33 to oscillate, the parts being so proportioned that the angular movements of the arm |35 are of a suihcient amplitude for the teeth of the lower cam |33 to be disengaged from the spaces in which they normally rest and to be positioned below the teeth of the upper cam |33a, thus raising the upright, in order that the bottom of the rectangular opening |42 may come into contact with the lower portion of the free end of the corresponding core.

As already mentioned, the said free ends of the cores are given a special configuration to permit them to enter the opening |42. tion is illustrated in Figs. 11 and 12 from which it is seen that the lower half of the cores is so shaped as to provide a substantially rectangular portion Hifi of a width equal to that of the opening |42 and at such a height that when the upright |30 is at its maximum elevation, the ilat lower face |55 of the portion IM will be at the same level as that of the bottom of the opening |42. The specially formed part is also utilized to ensure that the core is centralized perfectly with respect to the recess I5, a centralizng part Mb (Fig. 1) suitably recessed at |40 to be a close iit for the shaped end of the cores being applied to the front face of the plate I4.

The movements of the upright |30 and of its actuating parts are coordinated with those of the combined machine so that the upright may arrive at its highest position after a core covered with a tubular body which has been formed and clamped but not nished has been positioned over the table at which it is to receive the flattening blow on its joint and before the hammer has operated, so that the core will be supported at its free end at the moment when it receives the hammer blow.

As will be readily understood by those skilled' in the art, because the sheet material is bent tightly around the core and is under circumferential tension during a part of the forming operation, the tubular body when iinished will be a relatively tight t on core, so that it is diiicult especially in the cases 0f bodies of semi-independent layers the inner layer of which is very thin, or of metallic sheets-to remove the body from the core without damaging it. For this reason, it is convenient to provide slackening means whereby a certain amount of play. however slight it may be-may be produced between the inner layer of the finished body and the surface of the core. As seen in Figs. 11 and 12, the said slackening means, according to the present invention, is in the form of an elongated wedge M5. slidably mounted in an inclined groove mi which extends longitudinally of the core. The depth of the groove |57 decreases towards the free end of the core, and the wedge |66 is provided with lateral flanges |65 which move in suitable guide slots formed in the side walls of the aforesaid groove, and thus support the wedge at the same time that they permit it to be withdrawn from the said free end. To facilitate this operation, the wedge |66 is provided, near to the end of the core remote from its free end, with a pin ifi@ which. projects laterally and passes through a somewhat elongated opening |55 made in the This configurathickness of the core near its rear end. The said pin |49 may be coupled to one end of a slackening lever |5| pivoted at an intermediate point on a pivot |52 provided on the surface of the core, and normally held in such wise that the wedge M6 will be maintained in a forward position, by means of a spring such as the spring |53 which extends between the lever |5| and a convenient point of the capstan head which carries the core.

I The free end of the lever may carry a roller |54 designed to co-operate with an adequate projection (not illustrated) provided on a relatively fixed part of the machine, as for example, the intermediate foot |55 of the main arm 8| (Fig. 6) to move automatically the lever I5| from its normal position to a position in which the lower end will move the wedge away from the free end of the core. Therefore, the outer longitudinal surface of the wedge-which complements that of the .grooved core when the wedge is completely advanced-is retracted with respect to the surface of the core and consequently reduces somewhat the eiective perimeter of the core, thus reducing the tension on the finished body, which may now be separated from the core by means of any suitable device, without danger of damaging the layers of the said body.

For certain types of longitudinal joints for the tubular bodies, it is highly desirable that the margins of the leaf or sheet bent or wrapped around the core be presented to the clamping member applying device or the device for uniting the margins, in an inclined position with respect to the common plane containing the axis and the line of joint. In such cases it is convenient to use a pair of sliding members of the same general construction as that of the members I8, |8a, but modified as indicated in the Figs. 13 and 14. According to this modification, the partof the upper wall 23 of the frame I9' which in the above described form of the member rests on the upper surface of the shoe 20', is raised with respect to the latter to permit of the interposition of an auxiliary piece |56 provided at the end remote from the cavity 5, with a stop |51 which extends from the upper surface of said piece and is adapted to slide in a blind groove |58 formed in the inner face of the said upper wall 23. 'I'he auxili-4 ary piece is normally held in a withdrawn position, that is to say, with the stop |51 at the part of the blind groove |58 remote from the cavity |5. by means of a tension spring |59 which extends between the rear end of the part |56 and a fixed point inside the frame i9. On its lower facethat is to say, the face opposite to the one which carries the stop |5E-the part |56 has a slot |60 adapted to co-operate with a detent |6| pivotally mounted in a hollow |62 formed in the upper part of the shoe 20', to hold the part |56 in an advanced position with respect to the cavity I5, while the frame i9 is being withdrawn at the conclusion of the forming cycle as will-be seen later. In order that the margins of the bent sheet may be guided to the inclined position alluded to, the inner edge E2 of the upper wall 23 of the frame i5 is inclined as seen in Fig. 13, it being understood that the corresponding edge of the other frame of the pair is inclined in a direction parallel to that of the edge 22. The corresponding edge |63 of the auxiliary part |56 has the same inclination as the respective edge 22', and normally the part |56 is so positioned that the edge |53 forms a continuation of the edge 22.

The rod |55 on which the detent |6| is mounted, goes through the shoe 20 throughout its entire length, protrudingl at the front Iand back ends of the same, where the said rod has fixedly mounted upon it a small lever |65 (Fig. 14) which on being depressed, causes rod |64 to rotate for the purpose of removing the detent l|6| from the slot |60. In order that the small leverior levers |65 may be depressed at the proper moment, a thrust member |66 may be provided as indicated in broken linesin Fig. 15 where it is shown mounted on the front end (and also at the back end if so desired) of the clamping member applying and clamping device. i

The modified type of slides just described is designed to be moved toward and away from the cavity |5 by means of the same actuating devices above described with reference to the normal slides. The movements of the modified slides are. during lthe first parts of the'forming cycle, as before, the advancing thrust vbeing transmitted directly to the frames in the ma'nner above indicated and by means of the springs 28 to the shoes, so that the parts which at the beginning of the movement of approach toward the cavity I5v are in the relative positions shown in Fig. 13, may keep those relative positions and move for-v ward together asa whole. When the shoe Y. is stopped by the covered core, the frame I8? continues to approach the cavity 5, compressing the springs 28 and carrying with it the auxiliary piece in the relative position` as shown in the drawings. As the-part.v |58 is thus moved forward it first depresses the detent |6| which only returns to its `normal position when theslot |60 has come opposite it. 'I'his occurs when the frame and the auxiliary part |56 have come to the end of their movement toward the cavity I5, the part |56 being thus positively held in operative position with respect to the edges of the bent sheet,

while the frame I9 can be independently with- `drawn. This occurs when the applying and clamping device is about to slide the clamping ,f

member applying device to slide the mouth ofthe clamping member over a portion of the margins which are then held partly between the edges |68 of the parts |56 and partly between the sides of the clamping member. As the frame |9 is withdrawn from the cavity I5 the springs |50 of the part |56 are extended so that a pull is exerted on the latter which would withdraw it from cavity |5 were it not for the engagement of the detent IGI in the slot |60. At the moment when the device for applying the clamping members has slid I the mouth thereof over the margins of the bent now lower the clamping member so that it completely embraces the margins.

sheet, the thrust member |66 comes into contact with the levers and depresses them, thus withdrawing detent |6| from Aslot |60 and .releasing part |56 which under the pull of the spring |59 is moved rapidly away from cavity I5 to its original `position with relation to the frame. The

device for applyingV the clamping member vmay The remainingl movements of the modified slides are the same as those described in the first part of this specification.

depend greatly on the material of the sheets which are used to form the body. In the case, for example, of tinned sheet iron, the joint may be formed by overlapping the edges and then if desired, soldering them. If the body v,is formed of paper of one or two layers, the joint may be made by the aid of an adhesive vmaterial such asglue or solid paraffin. Both in the latter case, and

when other non-metallic sheets are used'such as cellophane, a strip of a more rigid material, generally a strip of tinned sheet iron,`is frequently' used as a clamping member which is applied to the longitudinal margins and thejoint is then flattened, rolled, folded or soldered.y For this reason, the machine above described may be lprovided with any convenient type of device for producing any one of the kinds of joint above mentioned. It is preferred, however, to provide the vmachine witha `device for making vjoints with an applied strip or clamping member, constructed so as to co-operate perfectly with the other parts of the machine and adapted to be actuated directly from the main drive. A device of the kind which in the foregoing part of vthis specification has been described and called clamping member applying and clamping device, is illustrated in Figs. 15r to 18, in which by way of .example it is shown tted with jaws adapted for applying and clamping-strips of the kind having one or more longitudinal channels and lateral flanges. 'Ihose skilled in the art will understand that with the corresponding modifications introduced in the holding means (the jaws) the device illustrated in Figs. 15 to 18 may easily be adapted for applying and closing other types of strips.

As seen in Figs. 15, 17 and 18, the clamping member applying and clamping device comprises a square base |61 which is designed to be fixedly mounted .by aid of the bolts |68 on the main arm 8| of the machine (Fig. 6) and which carries a fixed body portion |69 the cross section of which is substantially rectangular with one`bevelled` corner. v'The diagonals of the body portion are displaced approximately 45"y with relationto those of the base, so that when the latter is mounted on the mainlarm 8| with two .'edges parallel to the surface of the plate I4 buttransverse to the cavity I5, the line |10 formed by the junction of two of the perpendicular faces of the body portion, and diagonally opposite tothe bevelled corner, will extend parallel with the axis asv of the cavity 5. The said line will be hereinafter called the lower edge |10 of the body portion. the faces of the body which form the lower edge, being denominated respectively lower right-hand face |1 and ,1ower left-hand face |12" as seen when looking at the free end of the said body portion. The surface |13 formed bythe bevelling of the upper corner ofthe body portion will be-called the bevelled surface.

On the lower left hand faceV |12 there is mounted acar'rier member |14 on -the face of Awhich remote from the face |12 and parallel to the same an oscillating jaw |15 is pivoted, while the lower 4face of the carrier member, i. e., the-face. perpendicular to the face |12, carries a sliding jaw |16. Both the carrier member and the sliding jaw are secured to their respective faces, sothat they cannot move away from the said faces in a direction normal thereto but can`only`slide-oyer the faces, so that the lcarrier member canonly move toward and away from the lower edge. |10,

while4 the sliding jaw does 'the same with respect to the lower edge |11`of thecarrier member re; mote fromthe body portion and parallel to the lower edge |10 of the latter. For example, the coupling between the carrier member and the body portion and between the sliding jaw and the body portion may be by means of the dove-tails |18, |19 (Fig. 16) which slide in grooves cuil in the respective surfaces. The carrier member |14 which has a cross section practically in the form of an inverted L, may be provided with adjustable stop'screws |80 for limiting its approach toward the lower .edge |10, the said stop screws being adapted to make contact with the upper lefthand face of the body portion. Preferably, the parts are so arranged that the carrier member tends to fall by gravity toward the lower edge |18. but if necessary-as for example when the carrier member is made of a material of a small specific weight-means may be provided for producing a positive thrust to assist gravity. In the example illustrated, this positive thrust means is in the form of compression springs |8| which bear at one end against the outer surface |82 of the short arm of the carrier member and at the other end against a disc |88 carried by a rod |84 which is surrounded by the spring |8| and passes freely through the said short arm, one end of the rod being xedly secured to the body portion and the other being provided with a nut |88 and locknut |86 which permit the pressure of the spring |8| to be adjusted. For the purpose of reducing the load on the actuating parts of the device, the carrier member may be provided with counterweights |81 carried by arms |08 which are pivoted on the said member (or on a pin |99 mounted thereon) and are fulcrurned on a lug |98 projecting from the body portion.

The oscillating jaw |15 is rotatably mounted on a shaft A|9| which passes throughs curved protuberance |92 formed on the surface of the. jaw adjacent the carrier memberl and is supported at suitable points by bosses |98 formed on th lower part of the face |94 of the carrier member remote from the face |12. The surfaces of the oscillating jaw and of the carrier member which .face each other, are suitably recessed to accomtending between studs |99 fixed on the Jaw |18l and similar studs |99 iixed on the carrier member,l so that normally in the assembled device there is a certain clearancebetween thelower edge |96 of the oscillating Jaw and thel edge |11 of the carrier member, which'may be adjusted `by means of set-screws 200 which pass through the f said jaw near its upper end and bearing' against faces |94 of member |14.4

The actuating parts 4of the clamping-member applying and clamping device will now be described, with special reference to Fig. 16v inrwhich' a single set of the said parts is illustrated,.it being understood, however, that as seen in Figs. 17 and 18 the said parts may be duplicated or multiplied so as to obtain a better distribution of the forces and stresses. i

As principal driving element there is provided a shaft 20| which passes through the body |89 perpendicularly with respect to the base |61 and amuser which carries fixedly mounted near its end adjacent said base, a control lever 202 adapted to be coupled to a connecting rod 203 (see Fig. 6) articulated to a bell-crank lever 204 pivoted on the pivot 205 which projects laterally from the main arm 8| carrying the driving gear 85. The

said lever 204 is adaptedto be oscillated, in a plane including the rod 205 and control lever 202,

by means of a cam 206 mounted or formed on the face of the driving gear 05 adjacent the main arm 8|, and with which the second arm 201 of the lever 204, which may be provided with al cam roller 209, is normally held in contact by means of appropriate springs (not illustrated). l'n its normal or idle position, the lever 202 is directed away from the carrier member |14 (towards the right in Figs. 15 and 16) and has a comparatively small angular movement limited by the extent of a slot 209 transverse to the body portion through which the said lever extends outwardly from the said body portion.

A lifting arm 2|0 is mounted on the shaft 28| and has a hole through which the shaft passes -and which is enlarged over two diametrically opter has sectorial openings 2|8 similar to those of the lifting arm 2|0 in which splines 2| 6 similar to splines 2|2 enter. The cam arm 2|3 likewise has sectorial openings but the corresponding splines 2|1 fill them completely so that the cam arm may be considered as circumferentially fast on the shaft and compelled to rotate together with the latter., The lifting and cam arms are located in the thickness of the body portion in which chambers 2|8- requisite to receive and permit movement of the said arms are provided. The jaw retracting arms 2|4 may both be placed on the outside of the body portion or, as shown, only the front one may be so placed while the rear one `extends through a passage 2|9 formed in the thickness of the said body portion.

I'he end of the lifting arm 2|0 remote from the shaft 20| is coupled to the carrier member by means of a link 220 and a block 22| secured to the carrier member by screws 222, and provided at its ends with trunnions 229 which receive the ends of the links 220 remote from the lifting arms 2|0.

The free end of the cam arm 2|9 is formed to have :an edge 224 substantially concentric with the shaft 20|, but prgvidedy with a raised portion-228 near the upper end of said edge. The said edge 224 co-operates with a cam roller 224a oarried by a fork 221 which is adJustably screwed to the inner face of the oscillating jaw |18' that is, to the face adJacent the carrier member |14-by means of the screw 228 which passes through the thickness of the said Jaw and is provided with a lock-nut 229 for the purpose of permitting the adjustment of the fork 221, from without.-

The jawvv retracting arm 2|4 which normally extends in a direction perpendicular to the lower right hand face |1| of the body" portion, has its end remote from shaft 20| coupled to the sliding jaw |18 by means of aconnection member 290,

to whicha detent ilnger 29| normally springbiased in an upward direction by means of a spring 232 is.-pivotally mounted. When the 0psplines 2|2 exerta pressure on the'latter due tothe weight of the carrier member and the thrust of the compressed springs |0I, if any. The said of the detent finger 23| rests on the lower surface of the long arm of the carrier'member |14 '0r on a lateral extension 233 thereof (see Figs.

15, 1'1 `and 1 8). biased towards an advanced position in which the sliding jaw |13 is nearest to the lower edge |11 of the carrier member |14, by means of a tension spring 234 which extends between but-.- f tons 235 and 236 mounted respectively on the jaw retractin arm and -the carrier member. \The same lo serves as a limit to the forward movement of the jaw retracting arm since it projects in the form of a depending rib from the end ofthe long arm of the said member, and thus serves as a stop for the body of the sliding Jaw. There is 4also provided a rest 231 for the tip of the detent finger 23|, the purpose of which will be herein- :l after explained, and which in the example illustrated takes` the form of an L-shape piece 233 o .screwed to the frontl face of the body portion |63. When the jaw retracting arm 2 I4 is located within the body portion, as is the case for the arm 6 2|4a nearest. to the base |01 (see Figs. 1'1 and 18) it is unnecessary to provide the piece 233 since the lower right hand face |1I ofthe body portion serves as a rest, as wiil'be seen in the course of the description of the operation of the device.

When the operating lever 202 is in its idle po sition. the concentric part pf the edge 224 of the cam arm 2|3 is in contact with the roller 224a, so that the latter-and therefore the upper part of the oscillating jaw |-is in its position of maximum approach toward the shaft 20| 'for a given adjustment of the screw 223. the roller' 224a being urged against the said. dge 224 by the springs |31. Consequently the ower edge |33 of the oscillating jaw |15 is held away from the extending outwardly and bearing against the lower edge`l36 of the oscillating jaw |13.

. -The lifting arm 2|0 is then in an angular position in which the end articulated to vthe link 220 is at the highest point of its stroke, the carrier member being thus raised with respect to the body portion, so that the adjustable stop screws |80 are clear of the upper left hand surface of the body portion and the springs |3| (if any) are compressed. This is'due to the fact that the splines 2|2 o'f the shaft 20| are at the end of their clockwise movement and consequently in contact with the shoulders of the openings`2ll, so ilzalat they prevent the descent of the carrier mem- As the sliding jaw |13 is attached to the carrier member, it will, follow the latter in its downward and upward movements and under the conditions indicated above, will be in its most elevated position that is,h nearest to the ldwer right hand face |1| of the body portion. The parts are so proportioned that at this juncture the plane surface formed by the end yof the long arm of the `carrying member |14 or atleast the part of theA latter on which the tip of the detent finger 23| rests will not project beyond the lower right hand face |1| of the body portionv |33, or at least beyond the 'rest 231,;and preferably is flush with the same. It will readily be understood that the shoulders Vof theopenings 2|| ofthe lifting arm The jaw retracting arm 2I4 is edge |11 of the carrier member ter-'clockwise direction, the lifting arm follows itmaintaining the said shoulders of the openings 2| in contactwith the splines 2| 2 so that therevwill be a, free space in front of the splines in the direction of their rotation, and thus, when the carrier member 14 is stopped in its downward movementby the stop screws |30, the-shaft come into contact with the shoulders of the other end of the openings 2| I.

While the operating lever is in its idle position, the jaw retracting arm 2|`4 is held at the end of its stroke nearest to the carrier member under the pull of springs 234 which are almost completely contracted, the sliding jaw |16 and the detent finger 23| being in the positions before described. Under these` conditions there is a clearance between the lower edge |11 of the carrier member ,|14 and the projecting lip 233 of the sliding jaw, in which clearance a second flange or channel of the strip may be positioned so as to be supported by the said lip.

It will be noted that the springs 234 tend 'to cause the jaw retracting lever to turn in a clockwise direction, whereby thev shoulders of the openings 2li corresponding to those of openings 2|| which are in 'positive contact with the splines 2|2, tend to move away from the shoulders I2|3.

.20| may continue rotating until the splines 2|2 The openings and splines` are so proportioned'` that when the parts are in the positions indicated.

there will also in the case of the openings 2l! of the jaw retracting arm 2|4, be a space or clearance in front of the splines 2| 3 in the same direction as for the splines 2|2, so that when the shaft 20| revolves in a counter-clockwise direction, the jaw retracting arm 2|4 will not move v until the splines 2|3 have reached the shoulders of the openings 2|'.5 which limit the said space.

Then only can the shaft 20| begin positively to cause the jaw retracting arm 2|4 to rotate against the action of the springs 234 which are stretched. and thus maintain the saidshoulders of the openings 2|0 in positive contact withl the v splines 2I3.

The relation between the openings -2|I and 215 and their corresponding splines 2|2 and 2|3` is such that the free spaces of the openings 2|| have va'circumferential length somewhat greater than that of the free spaces of the openings 2|3, so that when the splines 2 I0 have arrived at their operative position with respect to the jaw-retractlng arm -2I4, the splines 2|2 will still be enabled to move in spite ofthe fact that the carrier member |14 isat that time prevented from further downward movement. 'I'hus .the shaft 20| continues to rotate so as to move the jaw-retracting arm 2|4 towards its position re-Y means of the connection rod 203,. the Vcam arm- 2I3 turns together with the shaft .20| but as at the time the concentric part of the edge 224 is in' contact with the roller 224a, no thrust is exerted on the oscillating jaw |15. 'Ihe carrier member |16 falls under gravity with or without the aid of the springs |8| thus causing the lifting arm 2| 0 to follow the splines 2|2 while the 4latter are moving away from their initial posi- -ciently forthe stop screws |80 to come into contact with the left l'hand upper surface of the body-portion in which position the strip will have been applied to the edges of the formed bodyand the edge |96 of the oscillating jaw as well as the lip 239 of the sliding jaw are in their position of maximum approach to the core-the raised portion 225 of the edge 22d of the cam arm 2|3 is just beginning to move past the roller 22411 thus pushing the upper end of the oscillating jaw outwardly against the tension of the springs |91, thereby causing the lower edge |96 of the said jaw to move toward the edge |11 in order to compress the channel of the strip rm- 1y against the margin or margins which are in the said channeL'and thus clamp the strip on the formed body.

As at this moment the lip 239 of the sliding jaw is still under the second flange or channel of the strip in a position to support the same, itfollows that the carrier member cannot in these circumstances rise without pulling away from the body the applied strip together with the edge or edges enclosed in the flattened channel. Therefore, as soon as the strip has been clamped as has just been indicated, the splines 2li; commence to come into play for causing rotation of the jaw retracting bar 2 I4 in a counter-clockwise direction thus withdrawing the sliding jaw |16 from the edge |11.

From the foregoing it will have been seen that at this moment the lower edge of the long arm of the carrier member (with which, or its extension 233 the tip of the detent linger 23| has so far continued in contact) is now projecting beyond the lower right hand face |1| of the body portion |69, so that when the sliding jaw 11S is withdrawn from the edge |11, the detent finger which is carried in the same direction by the connection member 230, and is then no longer impeded by the said lowerv edge of the long arm, turns in a clockwise direction, under the action of the spring 232, to cause its tip thus to approach the level of the lower right hand face |1|, whichv at that momgnt may be considered as higher than that of the said end of the long arm. The .tip of the detent finger 23| now lies against the rest 231 which is also at a higher level than the said lower end. At this juncture the free space of the opening 2|| appears back of the splines 2 I2.

vlower edge of the long arm of the carrier member andthe rest 231, the detent finger 23| in moving toward its original position is Stopped by the projecting part ofthe said long arm, so that neither the jaw retracting arm 2id nor the detentfinger 23| can return to their initial position until the carrier member has moved upwardly. 'I'he arrangement ofthe parts is such lthat the detent finger is thus held in a position in which the lip 239 of the sliding jaw is held far enough away from the edge |11 of the carrier member |14 to .leave the respective flange or channel of the strip completely free and thus permit the carrier member to rise without damaging the strip or the tubular body.

As the shaft 20| begins to rotate in its return movement, the raised part 225 of the edge 224 of the cam arm 2|3 moves away from the roller 224e thus allowing the oscillating jaw to return to its initial position under the pull of springs |91and to liberate the flattened channel of the strip. Upon rotation of the oscillating jaw to its initial position, the splines 2|2 again come in contact with the shoulders of the openings 2|| and thus impart a clockwise movement to the lifting arm so as te raise the carrier member towards its initial position, thus removing the lower edge |11 and the oscillating jaw |15 from the tubular body to which the clamping member or strip has just been applied. 'I'he carrier member when rising carries` with it the sliding jaw |16 which is still partially withdrawn. When the lower surface of the long arm of the carrier member comes flush with the resting surface 231, thus removing the obstacle to further movement of the detent finger 23|, the jaw retracting arm 2M is again moved clockwise under the pu1l` of the sliding jaw |15 and the lower edge |96 of the oscillating jaw have a length at least coextensive with the longitudinal margins of the tubular body and may, if desired, project beyond' the latter at one or both ends.

The clamping element applying device may also belmodied to serve at the same time as a forming element of a part of the tubular body, the device being in such instances provided with the necessary forming surfaces or flanges alongside the applying organs.

As will be apparent from the foregoing description, the clamping element applying and clamping device constructed as illustrated in Figs. 15 to 18 will apply and clamp a U-sectionv strip or one channel only of a two-channel strip. It will therefore be understood that both margins of the sheet material of the tubular body will be introduced together into one channel. Preferably in such cases the margins are introduced at an angle with respect to the radial plane passing through the line of joint, and modied slides as shown in Fig. 13 are used. After the clamping strip has been applied and clamped to the margins by the device shown in Figs. 15 to 18, the strip is attened against the tubular body by the punch 99 of device 10 (Fig. 6) under which the partly nished tubular body is brought by further rotation of the capstan head 13. A clamping strip of the type described in United States Patent No. 1,989,075 may be applied by means of the device of Figs. 1,5 to 18. If such a strip, which has a pair of inner and a pair 0f outer channels is used, the margins of the sheet material are both introduced into one of the in- 4ner channels; the wallsof this channel only are mentioned margins by punch 89.

two or more parts the separation being along l Furthermore, the essential and characteristic ele- 60 of the sheet material between the supporting sur- 70 erative 'surface of the plate.

alamo: 1 3

compressed by the Jaw |15. 'I'hereupon-the partsaid operative surface, a cavity in said operative ly nnished tubular body may be carried as stated to a position'below the punch l! and have a further V(outer) layer of sheet material applied 5 te it by apparatus I0' (Fig. 6), the margins of the sheet being in this instance introduced into the outer channels of the strip, for example by the free tips of the shoes of slides I8 and ila, whereupon the strip is nattened to secure theliast a portion of the transverse contour of said core', a pair of slides slidably mounted on opposite sidesof said cavity. said slides each comprising a hollow frame open on the side nearest to the cavity. a shoe slidably mounted within said frame and normally resiliently urged to an advanced position toward the cavity. said shoe having on the side thereof nearest the cavity a shaped-face It should be noted that the shoes of the slides of cross-section geometrically similar to a fracof the forming apparatus may, particularly in tion of that part of the'transverse contour of connection with Athe production of certain the core which complements the said portion polygonal contours, be conveniently composed of thereof corresponding to the cavity. i

3. In a tubular ybody forming apparatus lncluding a core, a plate having an operating surface and a cavity within said operating surface, a hollow guide'pillar, an axial opening in said pillar, a 4hollow leg depen ng from said plate, having side-walls parallel-to he longitudinal axis longitudinal planes preferably parallel to- Ithe table top. i f

I have, on the basis of my novel forming apparatus, provided a complete machine capable 50 of producing' finished tubular bodies of sheet material, and from the practical tests made anla-l chine of this type has been shown to be capable y of delivering the tubular bodies completelyfinished, at the r'ate of 3000 to 3600 'per hour.

opening, a pair of coaxial elongated slots formed with respect .to the longitudinal axis of the cavity, bearings contrived in the thickness oi' the ment ef this machine-which is the fermingspwalls of the plllr. a ldriven shaft rotatably paratus-may be utilized independently of the mounted in Said bearings and Passing through other organs or with the clamping member appiy- Seid elongated Slots. a een! Xedly mounted on ing and clamping device alone. e said shaft on either side of said pillar, a roller It is understood that the present invention is rotatably mounted on the face of the Plate oD-f not limited to the'embodiment illustrated inthe posite to the operating surface on either side oi' drawings but that various modifications may be said les, Said rollers beins Permanently in-eonteet made inthe construction and parts thereof with- With said cams. and driving means for rotating` out thereby departing from the nature and scope Seid driven Shaft together with the ooms. Wheressof the invention as defined in the appended by to enlise reeiproeation 0i' Said plate with re. claims. s spect to said core. s,

v, What I claim is:` 4. In atubular body forming apparatus in- 1.*A machine for forming tubular bodies by oludins a core. a plate having anoperatlns survbending sheet material around,a corecomprising faee and a Cavity Within Soid ollerotinr Surface. 40 forming apparatus for bending the -sheet maa hollow guide pillar, an axial opening in said tenai, and a core-carrier having core, said formpillar, a hollow leg depending .from Said plate.- ing apparatus including a plate havingan opere.- having side-walls parallel to the longitudinal axis tive surface, a cavity in said operating surface of the oovity endend-wa1ls joining Seid Sideof cross-section geometrically similar to a portion Wells end perpendicular to Seid aXiS. said les beofthe transverse contour of vsaid core and equal. ins slidably mounted in Said axial opening. o' to the transverse contour of said portion when lloir` of oodxioi elongated SlotS formed in Said covered bythe sheet material used,.a pair; of. Side-weils and extending perpendioularly with re- .slides slidably mounted on said. operating surface speet to the longitudinal eXiS of the cavity. beeron opposite sides of said cavity, said slides hay. ings contrived in thethickness of the walls of the ing on the side-thereof nearest tu the myit'y a pillar, a ldriven shaft rotatably mounted in said*v shaped face of cross-section geometrically slmibearings'. end Passing through Sold elongated lar to a. fraction of that part of the transverse SlotS. a cam iixedly mounted on' aid Shaft on contourk 'of said core which complements .the 4eithelSide of Said Diller. aroller rotatably mountportion/ corresponding to the cavity, and on the side remote from the operative surface of the plate s supporting surface fer receiving the sheet being permanently in contact' with said cams. an material prior to its being bent, the said support ing surface being spaced from said core aniiniaperture oolneiding with saidopening ini the mumidistanee sumcient to permit the insertion well of the piilerf-leiiaoent Said end-Wall; e-

face and the core when the latter is in parallel ture and Seid opening. Seid leverhaving one end alignment with the cavity and outside of ithe extending into'the interior ofsaid'leg end oonspace defined by said shaped faces and the catity nooted thereto, itlld being i-'lllel'ulned .et n `point taken together, actuating means for moving the lying outside of said pillar, and aco'unterweight 55 slides toward and away from said cavity, and mounted oil-'the end of the lever remote. 'from operating means for causing between the core the Divoted'end on the one hand and the plate with its cavity on the other hand a relative movement of appoachcluding a core, a plate having an operating surand separationin a direction normal tothe 09- face and a cavity within said operating surface,

2, In a tubular bodyforming apparatuaa core, Diller, e hollow vles depending from said plate, supporting means for said core, a plate having an having side-walls parallel to the longitudinal axis opening in one of the end-walls of said leg. an

surface, of cross-section geometrically similar to of said cavity and slidably mounted in said axial y in said sidewalls and extending perpendicularly ed on the faceof the plate opposite tothe operating surface on either sidel of said leg, said rollers counterweight leverpassing thrcugh said' aper- I v5. In a tubular body forming apparatus in;v

a hollowJ guide pillar, anl axial opening in said operating surfacel -means for causing a relative of the cavity end end-Wells Joining Seid Sidemovement of approach and separation between walls and perpendicular to. said axis, said leg bei i said core and said plate in a direction normal to ing slidably mounted in 'said axial opening, a pair spect to the longitudinal axis of the cavity, bear- Y ings contrived in the thickness of the walls of the pillar, a driven shaft rotatably mounted in said bearings and passing through said elongated slots,

a cam xedly mounted on said shaft on either side of said pillar, a roller rotatably mounted on the face of the plate opposite to the operating surface on either side of said leg, said rollers being permanently in contact with said cams, an opening in one of the -end-walls of said leg, an aperture coinciding with said opening in the wall of the pillar adjacent` said end-wall, a counterweight lever passing through said aperture and said opening, said lever having one end extending into the interior of said leg and connected thereto, a rod parallel to said operating surface extending through said lever and xedly secured thereto at a point lying outside of said pillar, a pair of bearings rotatably supporting said rod and a counterweight mounted on the end of the lever remote from the pivoted end thereof.

6. In a, tubular body forming apparatus including a core, supporting means for said core, a plate having -an operating surface, means for causing relative reciprocation between said core and said plate in a direction normal to said oper.- ating surface, a cavity in the operating surface of cross-section geometrically similar to a portion ofthe transverse contour of the core, and a pair of slides slidably mounted on opposite sides of said cavity, said slides having on the side thereof nearest to the cavity a shaped face 'of crosssection geometrically similar to a fraction of that part of the transverse contour of the core which complements the portion corresponding to the cavity, actuating means for moving the slides toward and away from said cavity comprising a pair of ears projecting laterally Vfrom the side of the slide remote from the shaped face, a pair of substantially sector-shape members having their curved edges toothed and articulated at their opposite ends to said ears, depending pivots xedly secured to said sector-shape members at points intermediatel their ends, bearings projecting laterally from the face of the plate parallel to the longitudinal axis of said cavity and -rotatably supporting said pivots the pivot of one sector-shape member of each pair extending through its bearing and carrying on its free end a radial arm whereby said pivot may be rotated, said ears being so spaced from each other that. the toothed edges of the sector-shape members of a pair are in permanent engagement.

7. In a tubular body forming apparatus including a core, a plate having an operating surface anda cavity within said operating surface',

a hollow guide pillar, an axial opening in `said pillar, a hollow leg depending from said plate.

having side-Walls parallel to the longitudinal'f axis of said cavity and slidably mounted in'` said axial opening, a pair of coaxial elongated slots formed in said side-walls and extending perpen'- dicularly with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cavity, bearings contrived in the thickness of the Walls vof the pillar, a driven shaft rotatably mounted in said bearings and passing through said elongated slots, a cam xedly mounted on said shaft on either side of said pillar, said camshaving each a cam surface surrounding saidshaft, a cam track formed on the edge of the cam surface remote from the pillar, 'aroller rotatably mounted on the face of the plate opposite tothe operating surface on either side/of the leg. said roller being permanently in contact with said cam surface, a pair of slides slidably mounted on opposite sides of said cavity, said slides having on theside thereof nearest to the cavity a shaped face of cross-section geometrically similar to a fraction of that part of the transverse contour of the core which complements the portion corresponding to the cavity, actuating means for moving the slides toward and away from said cavity comprising a pair of ears projecting laterally from the side of the slide remote from the shaped face, a pair of substantially sector-shape members having their curved edges toothed and articulated at their opposite ends to said ears depending pivots xedly secured to said sectorshape members at points intermediate their ends, bearings projecting laterally from the face of the plate parallel to the longitudinal axis of said cavity and rotatably supporting said pivots, the pivot of one sector-shape member of each pair extending through its bearing and carrying on its free end a radial arm, a roller rotatably mounted on the free end of said radial arm, and resilient means for yieldingly urging said arm with its roller against the cam track.

8. In al tubular body forming apparatus in cluding a core, a plate having an operating surface and a cavity within said operating surface, a hollow guide pillar, an axial opening inv said pillar, a hollow leg depending from said plate, having side-walls parallel to the longitudinal axis of said cavity and slidably mounted in said axial opening, a pair of coaxial elongated slots formed in said side-walls and extending perpendicularly with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cavity, bearings contrived in the thickness of the walls of the pillar, a driven shaft rotatably mounted in said bearings and passing through said elongated slots, a `cam xedly mounted on said shaft on either side of said pillar, said cams having each a substantially cylindroidal cam surface surrounding said shaft and eccentric thereto, a cam track formed on the edge of said cam surface remote from the pillar and including an idling portion extending in a plane substantially part of the cam surface farthest from the driven shaft, a roller rotatably mounted on the face of the plate opposite to the operating surface on' either side ofthe 1eg, said roller being permanentlyin contact with said cam surface, a pair of slides slidably mounted on opposite sides of said cavity, said slides having on the side thereof nearest to the cavity a shaped face 0f vcross section geometrically rsimilar toa fraction of that part of the transverse contour of the core 2which complements the portion corresponding to the cavity, actuating means for moving the slidest toward and away from said cavity comprising a pairof ears projecting" laterally from the side of the slide remote from the shaped face, a pair of substantially ,sector-shape members having their curved edges toothed and articulated at their opposite ends to said ears, depending pivots xedly secured to said sector-shape members at points intermediate their ends, bearings projecting laterally from` the face of the plate parallel to the longitudinal axis of said cavity and rotatably supporting said pivots, the pivot of one sector-shape member of each pair extending through its bearing and carrying on its free end 

